今天小编跟大家讲解下有关科技常识：Linux下Tomcat+Nginx服务器环境安装配置的简明教程，相信小伙伴们对这个话题应该也很关注吧，小编也收集到了有关科技常识：Linux下Tomcat+Nginx服务器环境安装配置的简明教程的相关资料，希望小伙伴会喜欢也能够帮助大家。
一、安装1.安装JDK下载的jdk文件为：jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin，执行如下命令进行安装：
#./jdk-6u12-linux-i586.bin2.安装tomcat：
#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz#mv apache-tomcat-6.0.29 tomcat这里我将解压后的apache-tomcat-6.0.29重命名为了tomcat方便操作。
3.配置环境变量：编辑/etc下的profile文件，加上如下内容：
JAVA_HOME="/opt/app/jdk1.6.0_45"CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"CATALINA_HOME="/opt/app/tomcat"export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME执行下面命令使变更生效：
# source /etc/profile启动tomcat并输入http://domain:8080，如果看到猫的页面即tomcat和jdk安装成功新建文件目录/home/www为网站存放目录，设置server.xml文件，在Host name=”localhost”处将appBase=的指向路径改为/home/www/web创建index.jsp至/home/www/web/ROOT，内容为：“hello!” 重新启动tomcat，重新访问，如果看到index.jsp文件内容hello！表示设置成功。
4.安装Nginx执行如下命令解压nginx：
# tar zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz# mv nginx-1.4.4 nginx同样重命名了一下。安装nginx：
# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx结果出现了错误：error: C compiler cc is not found，按网上所说安装编译源码所需的工具和库：
#yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl再次安装，发现还有错误：the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.执行
# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel终于成功，
# ./configure --prefix=/opt/app/nginx# make# make installnginx安装成功后的安装目录为/opt/app/nginx
二、Nginx方面的配置在/usr/local/目录下分别安装nginx和tomcat为nginx添加conf.d目录，用于各项目的配置，比如新建renhetoutiao.conf文件
server { listen 80; server_name devtoutiao.renhe.cn; root /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/htdocs; access_log /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/logs/access_log.log; location = / { rewrite ^/$ /index.shtml last; } location ~ .shtml { proxy_pass http://localhost:8081; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ { expires 1h; }}server { listen 80; server_name devtoutiao.renhe.cn; root /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/htdocs; access_log /home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/logs/access_log.log; location = / { rewrite ^/$ /index.shtml last; } location ~ .shtml { proxy_pass http://localhost:8081; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } location ~ .*.(js|css)?$ { expires 1h; }}对nginx的conf/nginx.conf修改，第二行 user root，赋予nginx root权限，在http中添加 include /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;选择一个项目如renhetoutiao, 目录/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/
三、Tomcat方面的配置catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml server.xml web.xml这5个配置文件就可以启动一个tomcat实例，其中server.xml是必须配置的。catalina.policy catalina.properties web.xml 可以使用默认的，可以从安装路径copy,context.xml tomcat-users.xml可以不用。所以每个项目我们只需要配置server.xml, 如renhetoutiao项目的配置
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><Server port="8015"shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"SSLEngine="on"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8081"protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine name="Catalina"defaultHost="localhost"> <Host name="localhost"appBase="webapps"unpackWARs="true"autoDeploy="false"xmlValidation="false"xmlNamespaceAware="false"> <Context docBase="/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/web"path=""/> </Host> </Engine> </Service></Server><?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><Server port="8015"shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"SSLEngine="on"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8081"protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443"/> <Engine name="Catalina"defaultHost="localhost"> <Host name="localhost"appBase="webapps"unpackWARs="true"autoDeploy="false"xmlValidation="false"xmlNamespaceAware="false"> <Context docBase="/home/renhetoutiao/renhetoutiao/web"path=""/> </Host> </Engine> </Service></Server>因为使用nginx，tomcat的ajp不会使用，所以可以去掉，tomcat可以这样简单配置。注意每个项目的连接端口和关闭端口，不要有重复。因为tomcat回去加载指定路径下得class lib，所以必须把配置、依赖等copy至web下，启动脚本bin/startup，关闭脚本bin/shutdown 如下:
#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"#启动为适配tomcat目录做的准备#迁移tomcat必要的配置文件 catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml web.xmlif [ ! -f"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy ]; then cp"$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.policy"$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.properties ]; then cp"$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.properties"$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/web.xml ]; then cp"$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/web.xml"$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -d"$CATALINA_BASE"/logs ]; then mkdir logsfi #准备classes和lib目录CLASSES_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/classesLIB_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/librm -rf"$CLASSES_PATH"rm -rf"$LIB_PATH"cp -R"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf"$CLASSES_PATH"cp -R"$CATALINA_BASE"/lib"$LIB_PATH"#启动时会记录进程ID，存放于logs/tomcat.pid内#shutdown时强制关闭该进程$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"#启动为适配tomcat目录做的准备#迁移tomcat必要的配置文件 catalina.policy catalina.properties context.xml tomcat-users.xml web.xmlif [ ! -f"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.policy ]; then cp"$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.policy"$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/catalina.properties ]; then cp"$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/catalina.properties"$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -f"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/web.xml ]; then cp"$CATALINA_HOME"/conf/web.xml"$CATALINA_BASE"/conffi if [ ! -d"$CATALINA_BASE"/logs ]; then mkdir logsfi #准备classes和lib目录CLASSES_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/classesLIB_PATH="$CATALINA_BASE"/web/WEB-INF/librm -rf"$CLASSES_PATH"rm -rf"$LIB_PATH"cp -R"$CATALINA_BASE"/conf"$CLASSES_PATH"cp -R"$CATALINA_BASE"/lib"$LIB_PATH"#启动时会记录进程ID，存放于logs/tomcat.pid内#shutdown时强制关闭该进程$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh#!/bin/sh export CATALINA_BASE="$PWD"export CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat"$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh通过tomcat的startup.sh脚本,会碰到项目中分配的线程没有及时释放，tomcat不能及时关闭，导致重启时产生端口冲突解决方案：强制关闭tomcat进程，kill -9 PID，执行脚本需要启动时记录各个tomcat实例的进程，这里将进程PID保存在项目的logs目录下。记录PID的操作需要修改tomcat安装目录下 bin/catalina.sh脚本在PRGDIR=dirname"$PRG"后面加上
TOMCAT_PID="$PWD"/"logs/tomcat.pid"if [ -f"$TOMCAT_PID"]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"elif [ $1 ="start"]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"fiTOMCAT_PID="$PWD"/"logs/tomcat.pid"if [ -f"$TOMCAT_PID"]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"elif [ $1 ="start"]; then CATALINA_PID="$TOMCAT_PID"fi最后需要给项目用户可执行权限 chmod 777 catalina.sh
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